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East Sacramento Preservation: Gypsy Memories

There is a gypsy curse known by an unlucky few as powerful and relentless.

“May you wander over the face of the earth forever, never sleep twice in the same bed, never drink water twice from the same well and never cross the same river twice in a year.”

Fortunately, for Alex Adams (1861-1917), the gypsy king, the curse held no sway during his life. This ruler lies in peace in East Sacramento’s East Lawn Cemetery. He is untroubled by malicious words or the evil eye. He is peacefully surrounded by scores of his relatives and ancestors, including his queen, Mary (1877-1934).

Adams family royalty

Unfortunately, though, there was one bump in the road. Early last century his grave was robbed. A large marble slab was pried off the tomb and valuables were taken. Police at the time believe the thieves were after items typically buried with gypsy leaders. His Queen Mary, had opened a purse and threw coins into the casket adding to the treasures.

East Lawn opened in 1904. The park has interred Sacramento notables and thousands of plain folk. The park occupies 40 acres in the heart of East Sacramento’s Fabulous Forties.

East Lawn has always welcomed all ethnicities, religions and cultural groups and the gypsy presence is active and growing. Most gypsies today are Christian, many are Orthodox, a nod to east European roots.

Wives, cousins, husbands, adopted children, uncles and aunts–the family trees of the East Lawn Gypsies are intertwined and nearly impossible for an outsider to figure out.

The term royalty is applied on merit more than heredity. Feats of familial support and service can lead to being called a chieftain, or king.

One thing is clear the gypsies embrace love during life and honor their dead in grand style, whether a king or peasant.

Gypsies are not shy and bury their dead with pomp and flourish. Funerals include feasting, music, laughter, crying and story telling and markers and mausoleums are substantial.

In mid last century one of the California Gypsy kings, Dushon John, was interned in East Lawn with style. The New York Times reported, “As the copper-lined coffin, blanketed in gardenias, carnations and sweet peas was lowered, token offerings of coins were deposited. Mr. John was buried also with such personal effects as a toothbrush, a mirror and hair oil for his journey into the future… a twelve piece band played dirges and the gypsies toasted with soft drinks and beer.”

Even today you can see a relics from the past. If you peek in the Millen Pavolovich mausoleum, another king, you will see a fashionable 1930s hat encased in a glass box. It was his favorite hat.

On a cool brisk day before Easter I walked through the park admiring the granite work and trees.

A caravan of late model cars began a slow drive from the front gate.

Well-dressed, middle aged people stepped out of the vehicles carrying bouquets of yellow roses, tulips, Easter baskets, spring motif balloons, bags of McDonald’s hamburgers and hot apple pies, wineglasses, beers, soda and cups of coffee.

Feast for the dead

The banquet was laid at the tomb of John and Lulie  Uwnawich in the heart of the park’s gypsy region. But only after the tomb was tidied and a mantel of aluminum foil was laid as a tablecloth.

These gypsies came to celebrate the lives of their loved-ones.

Mary (no last name given) was happy to let me photograph the feast laid at the grave. “We come to remember. I don’t know if the next generation will do this, but we still celebrate the old ways.”

There was no grief in the faces of the family. Smiles and conversation filled the air. The group was happy to celebrate the memory of the dead.

Park Manager, Craig Peterson, admires the gypsies’ practices. “They celebrate lives. The park is considering the removal of part of a roadway to accommodate more family members. For the most part, they are buried in a common area.”

Craig Peterson, East Lawn Cemetery

I asked several of the party if I could take their picture. “No, honey, we don’t do that… no please, that’s not our way, not here,” they answered.

Who the gypsies are is often confused.

The gypsy people are believed to have emigrated from Northern India more than 1,000 years ago.

They are not of European heritage, and are not Romanian. However, the Diaspora did lead most of the group to Eastern Europe, with pockets of the population in France, Spain and England.

Intermarriage with locals and exposure to different cultures influenced the gypsies over time, but they remain a distinct group with their own practices, language and unique view of the world.

Historically, gypsies were heavily persecuted, at times with deadly consequences. They were often outside of the mainstream of society, living a nomadic life and relying on horsemanship skills, craftsmanship and fortune telling for income.

This independent living drew the suspicions of locals and the gypsies were frequently attacked and used as scapegoats.

And some of the gypsies did engage in criminal behavior.

During World War II gypsies suffered further attacks from Adolf Hitler and the Nazi racial extermination policies. Tens of thousands of gypsies perished in concentration camps, primarily in Auschwitz.

Emigration to the US began in earnest during the Eastern European waves of the early 1900s, primarily from south-eastern Europe

On the spring day I observed them there was no fortune telling, no bangles or jewels. There was love and honor, a proud people remembering the dead.

 


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East Sacramento Spring

One East Sacramento spring, more years ago than it is polite to specify, my parents brought home a parakeet. We six children had endured a chill, grey March, often staring out the big picture window at the blustery storms that made the street unplayable. Then came the bird, complete with cage, a little swing, a little mirror, the works. We gathered around. We couldn’t tell if it was a boy or girl so naming it posed a small problem. Finally my sister, Kathleen, said we should call it Sunshine because sunshine was something we wanted but never got. So Sunshine it was. Our father said that if it turned out to be male it would have to “frilly”, but he approved the name for a bird of undetermined gender, and Sunshine perched in seeming merriment in its cage by the window. Sometimes we gathered around and sang Mac Namera’s Band and Sunshine went into a twittering frenzy of hopping and fluffing that we thought was dancing. The rains continued but now we had Sunshine, indoors.

The next Saturday morning we woke to the real sun. We burst out the door. The dewy grass sparkled; the cleansed air filled our lungs. This world glistened—the camellias, the white Jasmine, the arching green trees, everything in brave flourish. We lived on 42nd between D and E, and from across the street the Stevenson kids ran out to meet us. We were sprung, it was spring. Kathleen said, “Let’s bring Sunshine out in the real sunshine,” and we made a parade of kids escorting Sunshine in its small gage to Warner’s Market on the corner of F. “It’s spring,” we told the nice lady behind the counter. “You kids be careful carrying that bird around,” she said. A man by the door added, “Watch out for crows.” He said crows would dive on Sunshine, claw its feathers off and rip its throat with their beaks. Kathleen carried Sunshine and the rest of us formed a guard on the way home. The gutters were filled with twigs so there were sticks aplenty. A new boy joined us, Todd, age 6. Todd waved his stick and said, “This is my sword to fight for Sunshine.” We were a ragged but noble army, eyes skyward, armed against the crow.

When we got home our mother said we were not to traipse around the neighborhood with the bird, nor were we to talk to strange men at the market. She called Mrs. Warner to make sure we hadn’t caused any trouble. Then she made lunch and when she brought a second bottle of milk to the table she saw Todd munching a peanut-butter and jelly sandwich. “Who’s this?” she said. “Good Lord.” It seemed to us that she said, who or what’s this? followed by, Good Lord, at least twelve times a day.

We settled into an exuberant spring. Sunshine, perched in the cage by the window, chirped as we bounded by. These days the glory of life was outdoors: McKinley Park where we played on the swings and bars; the empty lot where we had created a medieval fort with tunnels and where we stood on mounds of crusty earth and announced, I claim this land for the USA.

The catastrophe came another Saturday. Kathleen, followed by Moira, Sheila and Danny ran shouting from the house: Sunshine had flown away. Someone left the cage open. Sheila saw something fluttering and yellow in the Sycamore out front. My mother said, “Go get your father,” and I ran around to the back yard where my father, who had just quit smoking, paced along the fence and talked to our neighbor, Mr. Toniola. My father got a ladder and ran around to the front, propped it against the tree and ascended, while Moira and Sheila sobbed and called out, “Sunshine, Sunshine.” Our father was 6’4” and had a commanding view of the leafy interior of the tree. “I don’t see the !#$!!*&%#!! bird,” he said. He had spent some years in the Navy where he acquired a certain urgency of phrase. I thought I saw something yellow in the tree in front of the Apperson’s house so my father moved the ladder and climbed there. Next Todd arrived and joined in the sobbing and this inspired Danny and Michael to cry also, and you could tell the wailing distressed my father. Mr. Toniola came out with his ladder and climbed the trees in front of his house. Then from Kathleen–a piercing long scream. She pointed at the sky. Crows. The shrieking intensified. Doors opened. The Stevenson’s patrolled the trees on their side of the street. Mr. Apperson brought out his binoculars and said, “How far can a parakeet go?” Mrs. Lindell from the corner said she would make cupcakes for everybody.

A tall girl with long, dark braids, famous for being a sixth grader, rode by on her bike and said she’d seen a parakeet in a tree way around the corner. We got the cage, piled into our station wagon and Mr. Toniola’s truck and followed the girl. There was the tree. We piled out. Up went the ladders. The cawing of the crows seemed now a hungry clamoring. My father said, “You kids. Stop crying and sing. Maybe it’ll lure the !!#%^&^% thing.” So we clustered at the trunk and sang a tearful Mac Namera’s Band while my father and Mr. Toniola poked through the leaves. No luck. No Sunshine. We stopped at Warner’s Market on the way home and my father bought a pack of Camels. “The kids lost their little bird,” he said to Mrs. Warner. “My nerves are shot.” Mrs. Warner gave each of us a Tootsie Roll. Sheila said all she could see in her mind was a little pile of yellow feathers and a bunch of greedy crows smacking their lips. No point to say that crows didn’t have lips. The sorrow was the point.

When we got home our mother was sitting on the porch with Mrs. Apperson. “Give me that cage, gang,” she said. She had a strange smile. We knew in an instant. Kathleen screamed, “Sunshine,” and ran into the house. There was Sunshine, safe under the giant colander on the table. How did our mother find Sunshine? She didn’t, she said. When we all left Sunshine flapped into the house and sat on the table. Down came the colander.

On the Fourth of July we had a block party and my father made a little speech thanking our neighbors for helping in the search for Sunshine. “This is the best street in town,” he said, and we all clapped hard for the truth of it. It was sad to leave East
Sacramento a few years later for a bigger house in the suburbs but we knew we’d come back and we took Sunshine with us.

Many springs later my brother Danny and I drove through the old neighborhood. “I loved it here,” Danny said. We slowed down in front of the house. “Hey, look,” he said. I thought he meant the house, but no. He pointed up the street. Two girls rode bikes, each with a parakeet on her handlebars. Strings were attached to the birds’ legs. The parakeets leaned forward into the wind and seemed to peer around with tiny head jerks. Checking out the neighborhood. The girls stopped and let the parakeets zoom up as far as the strings allowed.

Pat Lynch

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